Python实现文件查询关键字功能的示例详解

目录

• 思路
• 读取txt
• 读取docx
• 读取csv
• 读取xlsx
• 读取pptx
• 文件夹递归
• 完整代码
• 结尾

咱们可以想象一个这样的场景，你这边有大量的文件，现在我需要查找一个 序列号：xxxxxx，我想知道这个 序列号：xxxxxx 在哪个文件中。

在没有使用代码脚本的情况下，你可能需要一个文件一个文件打开，然后按 CTRL+F 来进行搜索查询。

那既然我们会使用 python，何不自己写一个呢？本文将实现这样一个工具，且源码全在文章中，只需要复制粘贴即可使用。

主要思路就是通过打开文件夹，获取文件，一个个遍历查找关键字，流程图如下：

流程图

怎么样，思路非常简单，所以其实实现也不难。

本文将支持少部分文件类型，更多类型需要读者自己实现：

• txt
• docx
• csv
• xlsx
• pptx

安装库

pip install chardet

代码

import chardet


def detect_encoding(file_path):
    raw_data = None
    with open(file_path, 'rb') as f:
        for line in f:
            raw_data = line
            break

        if raw_data is None:
            raw_data = f.read()
    result = chardet.detect(raw_data)
    return result['encoding']


def read_txt(file_path, keywords=''):
    is_in = False
    encoding = detect_encoding(file_path)
    with open(file_path, 'r', encoding=encoding) as f:
        for line in f:
            if line.find(keywords) != -1:
                is_in = True
                break

    return is_in

我们使用了 chardet 库来判断 txt 的编码，以应对不同编码的读取方式。

安装库

pip install python-docx

代码

from docx import Document


def read_docx(file_path, keywords=''):
    doc = Document(file_path)
    is_in = False

    for para in doc.paragraphs:
        if para.text.find(keywords) != -1:
            is_in = True
            break

    return is_in

代码

import csv


def read_csv(file_path, keywords=''):
    is_in = False

    encoding = detect_encoding(file_path)
    with open(file_path, mode='r', encoding=encoding) as f:
        reader = csv.reader(f)

        for row in reader:
            row_text = ''.join([str(v) for v in row])
            if row_text.find(keywords) != -1:
                is_in = True
                break

    return is_in

安装库

pip install openpyxl

代码

from openpyxl import load_workbook


def read_xlsx(file_path, keywords=''):
    wb = load_workbook(file_path)
    sheet_names = wb.sheetnames

    is_in = False
    for sheet_name in sheet_names:
        sheet = wb[sheet_name]
        for row in sheet.iter_rows(values_only=True):
            row_text = ''.join([str(v) for v in row])
            if row_text.find(keywords) != -1:
                is_in = True
                break

    wb.close()

    return is_in

安装库

pip install python-pptx 

代码

from pptx import Presentation


def read_ppt(ppt_file, keywords=''):
    prs = Presentation(ppt_file)
    is_in = False
    for slide in prs.slides:
        for shape in slide.shapes:
            if shape.has_text_frame:
                text_frame = shape.text_frame
                for paragraph in text_frame.paragraphs:
                    for run in paragraph.runs:
                        if run.text.find(keywords) != -1:
                            is_in = True
                            break

    return is_in

为了防止文件夹嵌套导致的问题，我们还有一个文件夹递归的操作。

代码

from pathlib import Path


def list_files_recursive(directory):
    file_paths = []

    for path in Path(directory).rglob('*'):
        if path.is_file():
            file_paths.append(str(path))

    return file_paths

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from pptx import Presentation
import chardet
from docx import Document
import csv
from openpyxl import load_workbook
from pathlib import Path


def detect_encoding(file_path):
    raw_data = None
    with open(file_path, 'rb') as f:
        for line in f:
            raw_data = line
            break

        if raw_data is None:
            raw_data = f.read()
    result = chardet.detect(raw_data)
    return result['encoding']


def read_txt(file_path, keywords=''):
    is_in = False
    encoding = detect_encoding(file_path)
    with open(file_path, 'r', encoding=encoding) as f:
        for line in f:
            if line.find(keywords) != -1:
                is_in = True
                break

    return is_in


def read_docx(file_path, keywords=''):
    doc = Document(file_path)
    is_in = False

    for para in doc.paragraphs:
        if para.text.find(keywords) != -1:
            is_in = True
            break

    return is_in


def read_csv(file_path, keywords=''):
    is_in = False

    encoding = detect_encoding(file_path)
    with open(file_path, mode='r', encoding=encoding) as f:
        reader = csv.reader(f)

        for row in reader:
            row_text = ''.join([str(v) for v in row])
            if row_text.find(keywords) != -1:
                is_in = True
                break

    return is_in


def read_xlsx(file_path, keywords=''):
    wb = load_workbook(file_path)
    sheet_names = wb.sheetnames

    is_in = False
    for sheet_name in sheet_names:
        sheet = wb[sheet_name]
        for row in sheet.iter_rows(values_only=True):
            row_text = ''.join([str(v) for v in row])
            if row_text.find(keywords) != -1:
                is_in = True
                break

    wb.close()

    return is_in


def read_ppt(ppt_file, keywords=''):
    prs = Presentation(ppt_file)
    is_in = False
    for slide in prs.slides:
        for shape in slide.shapes:
            if shape.has_text_frame:
                text_frame = shape.text_frame
                for paragraph in text_frame.paragraphs:
                    for run in paragraph.runs:
                        if run.text.find(keywords) != -1:
                            is_in = True
                            break

    return is_in


def list_files_recursive(directory):
    file_paths = []

    for path in Path(directory).rglob('*'):
        if path.is_file():
            file_paths.append(str(path))

    return file_paths


if __name__ == '__main__':
    keywords = '测试关键字'
    file_paths = list_files_recursive(r'测试文件夹')
    for file_path in file_paths:
        if file_path.endswith('.txt'):
            is_in = read_txt(file_path, keywords)
        elif file_path.endswith('.docx'):
            is_in = read_docx(file_path, keywords)
        elif file_path.endswith('.csv'):
            is_in = read_csv(file_path, keywords)
        elif file_path.endswith('.xlsx'):
            is_in = read_xlsx(file_path, keywords)
        elif file_path.endswith('.pptx'):
            is_in = read_ppt(file_path, keywords)

        if is_in:
            print(file_path)

现在你可以十分方便地使用代码查找出各种文件中是否存在关键字了

以上就是Python实现文件查询关键字功能的示例详解的详细内容，更多关于Python查询文件关键字的资料请关注风君子博客其它相关文章！

您可能感兴趣的文章:

• python查询文件夹下excel的sheet名代码实例
• 使用Python将Mysql的查询数据导出到文件的方法
• Python txt文件加入字典并查询的方法
• Python实现查询某个目录下修改时间最新的文件示例
• Python SQL查询并生成json文件操作示例
• python批量查询、汉字去重处理CSV文件
• Python模糊查询本地文件夹去除文件后缀的实例(7行代码)