Python使用python-docx库复制Word文档样式的实现方法

目录

• 引言
• 环境准备
• 主要功能实现
• 示例代码
• 结论
• 生成文件代码
• 生成文本列表代码

在日常办公中，我们经常需要处理Word文档的格式调整、内容更新等任务。对于那些希望通过编程手段自动完成这些工作的开发者来说，Python及其丰富的第三方库提供了强大的支持。本文将介绍如何使用python-docx库来复制一个Word文档的内容及样式，并展示如何利用此方法进行文档内容的自动化处理。

首先，确保你已经安装了python-docx库。如果尚未安装，可以通过以下命令进行安装：

pip install python-docx

1. 复制段落和文本框样式：通过定义copy_paragraph_style函数，我们可以复制旧段落或文本框的样式到新创建的段落或文本框上。

2. 识别分页符：is_page_break函数帮助我们在文档元素之间识别是否含有分页符，这对于保持文档布局的一致性非常重要。

3. 克隆段落和表格：通过clone_paragraph和clone_table函数，我们可以根据旧文档中的段落或表格创建新的段落或表格，并且保留原有的样式设置。

4. 复制单元格边框：为了使新生成的表格看起来与原表格一致，我们实现了copy_cell_borders函数来复制每个单元格的边框样式。

5. 完整文档复制：最后，通过clone_document函数，我们可以复制整个文档的内容和样式到一个新的Word文档中。

以下是简化版的核心代码示例，展示了如何从旧文档中提取内容并创建一个新的文档：

from docx import Document
# 假设其他必需的导入已包含在此处

def clone_document(old_doc_path, new_doc_path, out_text_list):
    try:
        # 加载旧文档和创建新文档
        old_doc = Document(old_doc_path)
        new_doc = Document()
        
        # 复制主体内容
        elements = old_doc.element.body
        para_index = 0
        table_index = 0
        index = 0
        
        while index < len(elements):
            element = elements[index]
            if element.tag.endswith('p'):
                # 处理段落...
                para_index += 1
            elif element.tag.endswith('tbl'):
                # 处理表格...
                table_index += 1
            index += 1
        
        # 保存新文档
        new_doc.save(new_doc_path)
        print(f"文档已成功保存至：{new_doc_path}")
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"复制文档时发生错误：{e}")

通过上述方法，我们可以高效地复制Word文档的内容和样式，这为文档处理自动化提供了一种有效的解决方案。当然，根据实际需求的不同，你可以进一步扩展和完善这个基础框架，比如添加对更多样式的支持、优化性能等。

希望这篇文章能为你提供有价值的参考，帮助你在日常工作中更高效地处理Word文档。

from docx import Document
from docx.enum.text import WD_BREAK
from docx.oxml import OxmlElement
from docx.oxml.shared import qn
from copy_word_only_text_json import clone_document as gen_to_list


def copy_paragraph_style(run_from, run_to):
    """复制 run 的样式"""
    run_to.bold = run_from.bold
    run_to.italic = run_from.italic
    run_to.underline = run_from.underline
    run_to.font.size = run_from.font.size
    run_to.font.color.rgb = run_from.font.color.rgb
    run_to.font.name = run_from.font.name
    run_to.font.all_caps = run_from.font.all_caps
    run_to.font.strike = run_from.font.strike
    run_to.font.shadow = run_from.font.shadow


def is_page_break(element):
    """判断元素是否为分页符（段落或表格后）"""
    if element.tag.endswith('p'):
        for child in element:
            if child.tag.endswith('br') and child.get(qn('type')) == 'page':
                return True
    elif element.tag.endswith('tbl'):
        # 表格后可能有分页符（通过下一个元素判断）
        if element.getnext() is not None:
            next_element = element.getnext()
            if next_element.tag.endswith('p'):
                for child in next_element:
                    if child.tag.endswith('br') and child.get(qn('type')) == 'page':
                        return True
    return False


def clone_paragraph(old_para, new_doc, out_text_list):
    """根据旧段落创建新段落"""
    new_para = new_doc.add_paragraph()
    if old_para.style:
        new_para.style = old_para.style
    for old_run in old_para.runs:

        new_run = new_para.add_run(out_text_list.pop(0))
        copy_paragraph_style(old_run, new_run)
    new_para.alignment = old_para.alignment
    return new_para


def copy_cell_borders(old_cell, new_cell):
    """复制单元格的边框样式"""
    old_tc = old_cell._tc
    new_tc = new_cell._tc

    old_borders = old_tc.xpath('.//w:tcBorders')
    if old_borders:
        old_border = old_borders[0]
        new_border = OxmlElement('w:tcBorders')

        border_types = ['top', 'left', 'bottom', 'right', 'insideH', 'insideV']
        for border_type in border_types:
            old_element = old_border.find(f'.//w:{border_type}', namespaces={
                'w': 'http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/wordprocessingml/2006/main'
            })
            if old_element is not None:
                new_element = OxmlElement(f'w:{border_type}')
                for attr, value in old_element.attrib.items():
                    new_element.set(attr, value)
                new_border.append(new_element)

        tc_pr = new_tc.get_or_add_tcPr()
        tc_pr.append(new_border)


def clone_table(old_table, new_doc, out_text_list):
    """根据旧表格创建新表格"""
    new_table = new_doc.add_table(rows=len(old_table.rows), cols=len(old_table.columns))
    if old_table.style:
        new_table.style = old_table.style

    for i, old_row in enumerate(old_table.rows):
        for j, old_cell in enumerate(old_row.cells):
            new_cell = new_table.cell(i, j)
            for paragraph in new_cell.paragraphs:
                new_cell._element.remove(paragraph._element)
            for old_paragraph in old_cell.paragraphs:
                new_paragraph = new_cell.add_paragraph()
                for old_run in old_paragraph.runs:

                    new_run = new_paragraph.add_run(out_text_list.pop(0))
                    copy_paragraph_style(old_run, new_run)
                new_paragraph.alignment = old_paragraph.alignment
            copy_cell_borders(old_cell, new_cell)

    for i, col in enumerate(old_table.columns):
        if col.width is not None:
            new_table.columns[i].width = col.width

    return new_table


def clone_document(old_doc_path, new_doc_path, out_text_list ):
    # global out_text_list

    try:
        old_doc = Document(old_doc_path)
        new_doc = Document()

        # # 复制分节符及页眉页脚
        # for old_section in old_doc.sections:
        #     new_section = new_doc.add_section(start_type=old_section.start_type)
        #     new_section.left_margin = old_section.left_margin
        #     new_section.right_margin = old_section.right_margin
        #     # 其他分节符属性...
        #
        #     # 页眉
        #     for para in old_section.header.paragraphs:
        #         new_para = new_section.header.add_paragraph()
        #         for run in para.runs:
        #             new_run = new_para.add_run(run.text)
        #             copy_paragraph_style(run, new_run)
        #         new_para.alignment = para.alignment
        #
        #     # 页脚
        #     for para in old_section.footer.paragraphs:
        #         new_para = new_section.footer.add_paragraph()
        #         for run in para.runs:
        #             new_run = new_para.add_run(run.text)
        #             copy_paragraph_style(run, new_run)
        #         new_para.alignment = para.alignment

        # 复制主体内容
        elements = old_doc.element.body
        para_index = 0
        table_index = 0
        index = 0

        while index < len(elements):
            element = elements[index]
            if element.tag.endswith('p'):
                old_para = old_doc.paragraphs[para_index]
                clone_paragraph(old_para, new_doc, out_text_list)
                para_index += 1
                index += 1
            elif element.tag.endswith('tbl'):
                old_table = old_doc.tables[table_index]
                clone_table(old_table, new_doc, out_text_list)
                table_index += 1
                index += 1
            elif element.tag.endswith('br') and element.get(qn('type')) == 'page':
                if index > 0:
                    new_doc.add_paragraph().add_run().add_break(WD_BREAK.PAGE)
                index += 1
            else:
                index += 1

            # 检查分页符
            if index < len(elements) and is_page_break(elements[index]):
                if index > 0:
                    new_doc.add_paragraph().add_run().add_break(WD_BREAK.PAGE)
                index += 1
        if new_doc_path:
            new_doc.save(new_doc_path)
            print(f"文档已成功保存至：{new_doc_path}")
        else:
            return out_text_list
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"复制文档时发生错误：{e}")


# 使用示例
if __name__ == "__main__":
    out = gen_to_list('.docx', '')
    if out:
        print("文档内容:n", out, """按照顺序的文档内容请根据用户要求更改文档内容，而不改变顺序，且不改变内容个数，最后将内容list 输出为到给定的json中
         ```json
         {"输出":[]}
         ```
         用户输入:请润色
         """)

        print("请求llm")
        print("提取json")
    print("填入模版")

    out = clone_document('.docx', 'only_text.docx',out)

from docx import Document
from docx.enum.text import  WD_BREAK
from docx.oxml import OxmlElement
from docx.oxml.shared import qn




def copy_paragraph_style(run_from, run_to):
    """复制 run 的样式"""
    run_to.bold = run_from.bold
    run_to.italic = run_from.italic
    run_to.underline = run_from.underline
    run_to.font.size = run_from.font.size
    run_to.font.color.rgb = run_from.font.color.rgb
    run_to.font.name = run_from.font.name
    run_to.font.all_caps = run_from.font.all_caps
    run_to.font.strike = run_from.font.strike
    run_to.font.shadow = run_from.font.shadow


def is_page_break(element):
    """判断元素是否为分页符（段落或表格后）"""
    if element.tag.endswith('p'):
        for child in element:
            if child.tag.endswith('br') and child.get(qn('type')) == 'page':
                return True
    elif element.tag.endswith('tbl'):
        # 表格后可能有分页符（通过下一个元素判断）
        if element.getnext() is not None:
            next_element = element.getnext()
            if next_element.tag.endswith('p'):
                for child in next_element:
                    if child.tag.endswith('br') and child.get(qn('type')) == 'page':
                        return True
    return False


def clone_paragraph(old_para, new_doc,out_text_list):
    """根据旧段落创建新段落"""
    new_para = new_doc.add_paragraph()
    if old_para.style:
        new_para.style = old_para.style
    for old_run in old_para.runs:
        out_text_list.append(old_run.text)
        new_run = new_para.add_run(old_run.text)
        copy_paragraph_style(old_run, new_run)
    new_para.alignment = old_para.alignment
    return new_para


def copy_cell_borders(old_cell, new_cell):
    """复制单元格的边框样式"""
    old_tc = old_cell._tc
    new_tc = new_cell._tc

    old_borders = old_tc.xpath('.//w:tcBorders')
    if old_borders:
        old_border = old_borders[0]
        new_border = OxmlElement('w:tcBorders')

        border_types = ['top', 'left', 'bottom', 'right', 'insideH', 'insideV']
        for border_type in border_types:
            old_element = old_border.find(f'.//w:{border_type}', namespaces={
                'w': 'http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/wordprocessingml/2006/main'
            })
            if old_element is not None:
                new_element = OxmlElement(f'w:{border_type}')
                for attr, value in old_element.attrib.items():
                    new_element.set(attr, value)
                new_border.append(new_element)

        tc_pr = new_tc.get_or_add_tcPr()
        tc_pr.append(new_border)


def clone_table(old_table, new_doc,out_text_list):
    """根据旧表格创建新表格"""
    new_table = new_doc.add_table(rows=len(old_table.rows), cols=len(old_table.columns))
    if old_table.style:
        new_table.style = old_table.style

    for i, old_row in enumerate(old_table.rows):
        for j, old_cell in enumerate(old_row.cells):
            new_cell = new_table.cell(i, j)
            for paragraph in new_cell.paragraphs:
                new_cell._element.remove(paragraph._element)
            for old_paragraph in old_cell.paragraphs:
                new_paragraph = new_cell.add_paragraph()
                for old_run in old_paragraph.runs:
                    out_text_list.append(old_run.text)
                    new_run = new_paragraph.add_run(old_run.text)
                    copy_paragraph_style(old_run, new_run)
                new_paragraph.alignment = old_paragraph.alignment
            copy_cell_borders(old_cell, new_cell)

    for i, col in enumerate(old_table.columns):
        if col.width is not None:
            new_table.columns[i].width = col.width

    return new_table


def clone_document(old_doc_path, new_doc_path):
    # global out_text_list
    out_text_list = []
    try:
        old_doc = Document(old_doc_path)
        new_doc = Document()

        # # 复制分节符及页眉页脚
        # for old_section in old_doc.sections:
        #     new_section = new_doc.add_section(start_type=old_section.start_type)
        #     new_section.left_margin = old_section.left_margin
        #     new_section.right_margin = old_section.right_margin
        #     # 其他分节符属性...
        #
        #     # 页眉
        #     for para in old_section.header.paragraphs:
        #         new_para = new_section.header.add_paragraph()
        #         for run in para.runs:
        #             new_run = new_para.add_run(run.text)
        #             copy_paragraph_style(run, new_run)
        #         new_para.alignment = para.alignment
        #
        #     # 页脚
        #     for para in old_section.footer.paragraphs:
        #         new_para = new_section.footer.add_paragraph()
        #         for run in para.runs:
        #             new_run = new_para.add_run(run.text)
        #             copy_paragraph_style(run, new_run)
        #         new_para.alignment = para.alignment

        # 复制主体内容
        elements = old_doc.element.body
        para_index = 0
        table_index = 0
        index = 0

        while index < len(elements):
            element = elements[index]
            if element.tag.endswith('p'):
                old_para = old_doc.paragraphs[para_index]
                clone_paragraph(old_para, new_doc,out_text_list)
                para_index += 1
                index += 1
            elif element.tag.endswith('tbl'):
                old_table = old_doc.tables[table_index]
                clone_table(old_table, new_doc,out_text_list)
                table_index += 1
                index += 1
            elif element.tag.endswith('br') and element.get(qn('type')) == 'page':
                if index > 0:
                    new_doc.add_paragraph().add_run().add_break(WD_BREAK.PAGE)
                index += 1
            else:
                index += 1

            # 检查分页符
            if index < len(elements) and is_page_break(elements[index]):
                if index > 0:
                    new_doc.add_paragraph().add_run().add_break(WD_BREAK.PAGE)
                index += 1
        if new_doc_path:
            new_doc.save(new_doc_path)
            print(f"文档已成功保存至：{new_doc_path}")
        else:
            return out_text_list
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"复制文档时发生错误：{e}")


# 使用示例
if __name__ == "__main__":
    out=clone_document('南山三防工作专报.docx', '')
    if out:
        print("文档内容:n",out,"""按照顺序的文档内容请根据用户要求更改文档内容，而不改变顺序，且不改变内容个数，最后将内容list 输出为到给定的json中
         ```json
         {"输出":[]}
         ```
         用户输入:请润色
         """)

        print("请求llm")
        print("提取json")
    print("填入模版")

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